’25 New Horizon English Course 3 Unit 5  

New Horizon English Course 3
Unit 5   What makes good leader?
part 1   What is Gandhi known for?
名詞を修飾する文= 関係代名詞の省略 (接触節) (目的格)
This is a boy. (主文)
I met the boy in the park yesterday. (従文)
目的語
⇒　This is a boy I met | in the park yesterday.
→ 目的語が除かれる
Examples
He’s a person Indian people respect | greatly.
This is a picture my uncle took|.
This is a gift my uncle sent me|.
This is a book I like | the best.
Examples from the textbook & practice
This is a picture I found |on the internet.
He’s a leader Indian people respect | greatly.
This is a picture my uncle took|.
This is a comic book My classmate recommended |.
This is a poetry by Tanikawa Shuntaro I like | the best.
? What is Gandhi known for?
He is known for his fight for independence against the U.K. as a leader of India.
Activity 1
He is a poet who is able to express words and phrases directly as they are.
Part 2    How did Ganghi work for Indian independence?
関係代名詞　who   主格(人)
Steave Jobs is a person.
The person founded Apple.
⇒　Steave Jobs is a person who founded Apple
the person → whoにかわる
Examples
Mr. Toda is a teacher who knows a lot about history.
My uncle is a writer who travels around the world.
Meg is a girl who likes Indian movies.
Examples from the textbook & practice
Gandhi is a man who has influenced a lot of people around the world.
He’s still respected by people who fight for human rights.
Jun is a boy who loves to play soccer.
MS. Chen is a teacher who came from Canada two years ago.
Tanikawa Shuntaro is one of the greatest poets who has been influencing a lot of readers in Japan.
Nagashima Shigeo was the most impressive baseball player who made fans of baseball happy.
? How did Ganghi work for Indian independence?
He never used violence to work for Indian Independence and also went on fasts to protest.
Activity 2
I want to be a person who helps teenagers find their dream job and how to approach it.
Words
In/de/pen/den/ce 独立
vi/ol/en/ce 暴力
fi/ght 闘争　闘い
pro/te/st ～に抵抗する
tou/gh 困難な　難しい
fa/st 断食
human rights 人権
go on ~ ～し続ける

Read & Think 1 
関係代名詞　that , which   主語  (物)
Look at the aircraft.
The aircraft has big main wigs.
⇒ Look at the aircraft that ( which ) has big main wings.
Examples
Shine Muscat is the most popular grape that(which)a lot of people eat | in Japan. (関係代名詞・・・目的語)
Kyoto is the most famous old city that(which) many tourists from abroad visit | in Japan. (関係代名詞・・・目的語)
Examples from the textbook & practice
There were also hotels that didn’t accept Indian people.(関係代名詞　主語)
The British made a law that was even more unfair to Indian people.(関係代名詞　　主語)
There was a law that the British made | for salt. (関係代名詞・・・目的語)
Non-violence protest is the legacy that Gandhi left |. (関係代名詞・・・目的語)

Read ＆Think 2
Round 1
South Africa
①     インド人を宿泊させないホテルがあった。
③     刑務所かインド人でいっぱいになった。
both
②     差別に対して非暴力で立ち向かった。
India
④     塩に思い税金がかけられた。
Round 2
①     When Gandhi moved to South Africa, Indians there were respected. (F)
②     The new law in 1906 made Indian people angry. (T)
③     Gandhi thought Indians should keep buying salt from the British. (F)
④     The Salt March showed a new way to fight against discrimination. 　(T)
Round 3
❶
・・・
1893 He moved to SouthAfrica. There was a lot of discrimination there.
1906 He led a movement to protect their rights.
1915 He returned to India.
1930 He began the Salt March to fight against the heavy tax on salt.
1947 India won independence.

important words & phrases
It was under British rule at that time.
Indian people got angry and stood up against the law.
Don’t follow the law , but don’t use the violence , even if you are arrested.
In those days, there was a law (that) the British made | for salt.
Thousands of people joined him.

❷
①     Discrimination
There are a lot of discrimination in developing countries in Africa and Isram region.
There, especially, discrimination against women is harsh(激しい). For example, education, dress cord, career choice. But, across Japan, there are different kinds discrimination against woman, such as promotion(昇進), raise(昇給), From now on, we have to work on(取り組む) realizing  Gender Equal Society.
②     　All the countries have the right of Independence, but now in a lot of countries, like Myanmar, Afghanistan, rule their countries. It’s tough to change such an illegal situation. I have to think about this international matters.
③     Non-violence
There are a lot of wars in many region, such as between Russa and Ukraine, Israel and Palestinian Territories
(パレスチナ自治区). Many citizens in Ukraine and Palestinian Territories have been injured and killed. I believe that we must not take life in any reason. And it is not absolutely forgivable(許されない) (that) they has been done by some dictators, isn’t it?

Colum
~taken-over lesson by Ghandi~
Ghandi’s thought, non-violence but disobedience has been taken over by many politicians and activators.

Martin Luther King, Jr
In the U.S. he led “Civil Rights Movement” against racial discrimination against black people. He is famous fr his speech, ” I have a dream”. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.

Nelson Mandera
In South Africa, he protested racial segregation（レイシャル・セグリゲーション人種隔離政策,apartheid（アパルトヘイト）. 1n 1994, he was elected the first black president conducted by all racial people for the first time.
He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.

14th Dalai Lama
He is the supreme leader of Tibetan Buddhism. He went into exile(亡命する)to India, and have led independence movement from China. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989.

Key sentence 17
Grammar 関係代名詞that (which) (主格)
Look at the aircraft.
The aircraft has big main wi ngs..
⇒ Look at the aircraft that ( which ) has big main wings.
Examples from Practice
This is the word that(which) made me positive.
This is a photo that(which) shows Gandhi’s family.
This is a phrase, “I have a dream.” that Martin Luther King, Jr said.
Grammar 関係代名詞that (which) (目的格)
This is an essay.
Yoshimoto Banana wrote the essay.
⇒This is an essay that(which) Yoshimoto Babana wrote.

Examples from Practice
This is the gym that (which) the students use in their P.E. class.
This is the piano that(which) the students play in their music class.
This is the object(オブジェ) that(which) our graduates(卒業生) made in 2023.

Activity 3
He fought for independence and against discrimination with none- violence but disobedience. This lesson by him has been taken over by Martin Luther King, Jr, Nelson Mandera, 14th Dalai Lama.